Former Conservative cabinet minister Vic Toews broke conflict of interest rules by doing consulting work for two Manitoba First Nations after he left office, Canada's ethics commissioner has found. The Federal Court ruled in 2012 that the government had failed to adequately consult First Nations, and set aside the transfer. The ruling was upheld by the Federal Court of Appeal in August 2015. During his last year in office, Toews had dealings with the Norway House Cree that constituted "direct and significant official dealings," according to Dawson. There are no penalties or sanctions for violating ethics or conflict of interest rules.

Source: CBC News April 21, 2017 17:16 UTC