Canada is planning on a $1.5 billion USD investment in the coming two decades based a risky bet -- that NASA will continue with its planned Lunar Gateway space station in the 2020s. Canada's space spending isn't nearly as high, even as a percentage of its smaller budget. Canada developed and built the first Canadarm prototype in the late 1970s and early 1980s for $100 million CDN (roughly $220 million CDN or $151 million USD in today's dollars). Happily, the first space shuttle test of Canadarm in 1981 went smoothly. That was during a mission that had its initial five-day duration cut in half due to unrelated technical problems with the space shuttle.

Source: Forbes March 05, 2019 17:15 UTC