And regional countries are positioning themselves accordingly. As a result, Iran and Saudi Arabia saw taking a step toward normalizing relations in 2023 as the most reasonable option for themselves. Türkiye likewise normalized its relations with Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Egypt. At the same time, through its attacks on Lebanon, Syria and Iran, it is putting all regional security at risk. Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan and Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi discussed the development of bilateral relations over the phone.

Source: The North Africa Journal January 15, 2026 13:31 UTC