Pakist­ani foreig­n policy­makers must realis­e the import­ance of Comple­x Interd­epende­nce of the intern­ationa­l systemSince time immemorial human societies have been interacting unabatedly. Post-WWII and specifically post-Cold War, the inter-state relationship assumed a new shape termed by some experts as ‘Complex Interdependence’. Diametrically opposed Complex Interdependence lays stress upon cooperation rather than conflict, and this is what happened since the end of WWII. But Complex Interdependence is another ideal type that is opposite to realism. Interdependence can be symmetric, ie, both sets of actors are affected equally, or it can be asymmetric, where the impact varies between actors.” Interdependence can be strategic interdependence or economic interdependence.

Source: The Express Tribune December 17, 2017 09:11 UTC