Both sides in the conflict are very aware the other is using underground tunnels to fight these quite static battles, and may have good intelligence of the other’s networks. He added the most likely bomb being deployed was the laser-guided KAB-500L, analogous to the US Paveway series. But the BetAB-500 is a lighter, rocket-propelled bomb more designed to destroy concrete structures and hardened structures such as runways. In fact Russia has admitted to using these bombs in attacks in September last year against Islamic State command-and-control centres. De Mistura told the security council: “We heard the words ‘unprecedented’, in quantity and also in scale and type, in the types of bombing.

Source: The Guardian September 26, 2016 18:26 UTC