By November 2001, the Taliban were ousted from power in Afghanistan and Al Qaeda fighters dispersed elsewhere across Arabia and North Africa. The Arab Spring: A wave of pro-democracy protests and uprisings challenging authoritarian governments that swept across North Africa and the Middle East in 2010 and 2011. Libya : Col. Moammar GaddafiCol. Gaddafi seized power in 1969, in a military coup that overthrew King Idris I and ruled Libya for 42 years. "The Arab Spring has ushered in a time when al Qaeda is on the rise. "People say to me all the time, 'well AQIM (Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb) hasn't attacked the United States," she said.