In Pakistan, the education system’s poor quality undermines merit-based grading in schools and job placements. Three concurrent education systems operate in Pakistan: public and non-elite private schools, elitist private schools, and religious seminaries (madaris). Elitist private schools, despite high fees, provide international-standard education, while middle-class students attend private public schools with lower quality and facilities. With the prevalence of jobbery and a lack of job opportunities in public offices, disadvantaged segments withdraw children from school, leading to child labor and increased income. To prevent chaos and internal strife, justice and merit-based job allocation are imperative.
