“It is reform or rupture,” he said, outlining unfolding fractures in global economic and financial systems. This rupture manifests itself in Pakistan in the evolving socio-economic, financial and development policy landscape saddled by a myriad of fast-converging challenges. Published this month, the 2024 UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Human Development Report (Pakistan included) tells us that the region’s human development story is one of ‘progress, disparity, and disruption’. Pakistan must therefore work towards building a resilient economy that deliberately chooses innovation and reform or risk stagnation. As such, the choice may appear clear between ‘reform or rupture’, but it must be translated into bold and decisive action to pave the way for a prosperous, resilient Pakistan.