The Quad leaders unequivocally expressed their commitment to the shared vision of a free and open Indo-Pacific region. Although it is not a security grouping, the Quad addressed emerging maritime security challenges. For example, the Quad launched the Indo-Pacific Partnership for Maritime Domain Awareness to ensure freedom of navigation in the Indo-Pacific region. The Quad also announced the first-ever Quad-at-Sea Ship Observer Mission next year in the Indo-Pacific region to improve interoperability. That puts a big question mark on the Quad countries’ shared idea about economic integration in the Indo-Pacific region.
