Debriefing and dissecting errors when they occur are all part of the patient pathway in endoscopy, Dr Matharoo added. However, over time it became clear there was a need to improve the structure of endoscopy training, he said. Prof Doherty spoke about the STEPS [Skills Training for Endoscopy Procedures] programme, which aims to standardise content and learning objectives for all GI endoscopy training courses in Ireland. He stressed the importance of research around liver disease due to a large rise in mortality from the condition in recent decades. Dr Dillon paid particular attention to the fact that smoking is an important and often unacknowledged factor in liver disease.